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Researchers are raising alarms about the growing threat of space debris to airplanes. According to a recent study published in Scientific Reports, the risk of space junk striking an aircraft is increasing due to the expansion of both the aviation and space flight industries. Aaron Boley, an associate professor of physics and astronomy at the University of British Columbia, explained that space debris originates from satellites and equipment launched into orbit. As these objects decay, they re-enter Earth's atmosphere, posing risks to people on the ground, at sea, and in the air.
The study highlights the dangers of rocket bodies, which are large and heat-resistant. These objects can cause significant damage if they collide with aircraft. The research analyzed air traffic data from 2023, finding that regions like Vancouver, Seattle, and the Eastern seaboard have about a 25% chance each year of being affected by re-entering space debris.
In 2022, Spain and France closed parts of their airspace due to a 20-ton rocket body re-entering the atmosphere, delaying 645 flights. This event marked the first time airspace was shut down due to uncontrolled rocket reentry. The aviation industry is increasingly considering space debris when making decisions about airspace closures.
Experts argue that the space industry should take responsibility for these risks. Dr. Aaron Boley stated, "Uncontrolled rocket body reentries are a design choice, not a necessity." He suggested that rockets could be designed to re-enter the atmosphere in a controlled manner, steering their descent into the ocean. However, this would require additional costs, which companies are reluctant to absorb unless regulations mandate it.
The study calls for coordinated international action to address the issue. Without stricter regulations, the problem of space debris will continue to grow, posing a threat to both aviation and public safety.
